Dish-washing machine.



T. W. HEERMANS. DISH WASHING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY I8. 1916.

1,262,642;- Patented Apr. 9,1918.

2 SHEETS-SQEET I If T. W. HEERMANS.

DISH WASHING MACHINE. IIPPLICATION HLED MAYI8.,I9I6.

LQQQQQQQ Patented Apr. 9,1918.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- ilNilEU diAlEd PATENT @FFXQE.

THADDEUS W. HEERMANS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DISH-WASHING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

Application filed May 18, 1916. Serial No. 98,245.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THADDEUS W. Henn- MANs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dish Washing Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in washing machines for washing dishes, silverware, glasses and other articles, and the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the parts shown in the. drawings and described in the specifications and is pointed out in the appended claims.

Among the objects of the provide an extremely simple, cal and easily handled device of-this character, which is constructed and arranged to rapidly wash dishes and other articles placed therein in a minimum time and with a minimum cost of labor.

A further object of the i vention is to provide an open bottom container for the dishes and other articles which is adapted to be placed in any suitable form of water receptacle in which the wash 0r rinse water 1s contalned, as, for instance, a dish pan, a

tub or the like, with mechanism embracing means for raising the water from the body of water in the receptacle and carrying it to a point above the articles in the container and forcibly discharging it thereon, the

wash water being separated from the particles washed thereby from the articles and used over and over again until the articles are thoroughly cleansed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel means for raising the water to the top of the container and driving means therefor, with an improved means for mounting the driviiig mechanism in the removable cover or lid so that the said mechanism is removable with the lid and does not interfere with the placing of the articles into and removing them from the container when the lid is removed. a

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means to separate from the wash Water the particles removed from the dishes.

Another object of the invention is to proinvention is to light, COI10H11-..

, which vide novel means for assembling the various parts of the machine so that the several units may be assembled without the use of bolts or other fastening devices and may be operated without the use of valves or like waterdirecting and controlling means.

Other ob 'ects of the invention are to further improve and simplify machines of this character, as will hereafter more fully appear.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a dish washing machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal sections on the lines 3-3 and 14: of Fig. 1, respectiv'ely;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail of the impeller shaft bearing and gearing spider.

Fig. 6 is a detail of one means to fasten the impeller to its shaft.

As shown in the drawings, 10 designates a receptacle to receive the wash water, which, as herein shown, has the form of an ordinary dish pan. 11 designates a container for the articles to be washed in the nature of an ordinary bucket. Said containe r' is open at its top and at its bottom.

It is provided near its open bottom with lower and upper internal flanges 12, 13, respectively, which are fixed in any suitable manner at their outer edges to the wall of the container and extend inwardly. They are provided with central openings bounded by depending stiffening lips 14, 15, respectively. The flange 13, as herein shown, is a horizontal flange, while the flange 12 is conical, extending upwardly toward its central opening. 16 designates a removable cover closes the open end of the container. It has a rim or flange 17 which fits within the open top of the container. 18 designates a centrally arrangedvvertical standpipe in the container. Itv is provided at its lower end, beneath the flange 12, with a flaring openbase or bell-shaped mouth 19. The stand pipe is supported on the lower conical flange l2 t hrough the medium of a supsupporting porting ring 20 "which is integrally connectno i upon rotation of the impeller, to lift the wash water through the standpipe. Said impeller is mounted on the lower end of a vertical, rotative shaft 22, which latter is rotatively supported at its lower end in a vertical bearing 23 carried by ribs 24- which are made integral with the bell mouth of the standpipe. Said shaft is further supported by a bearing 25 within the upper end of the standpipe and by upper and lower bearings 26, 27 carried by or made integral with a cross frame or spider 28 which is fixedly attached to and removable with the lid 16. The upper end portion of the shaft within the bearing 27 is reduced in diameter. The lower bearing 26, in which are formed umbrella nozzles 30, through which wash water lifted by the impeller is discharged into the top of the container, fits within the upper open end of the standpipe and is shouldered to be supported thereon. The weight of said shaft and impeller is supported on the bearing 23 through the medium of a collar 31. which is pinned or otherwise 56- cures to the shaft 22. Carried by or made part of the bearing a plate or diaphragm 23 which servesgto partially relieve the impeller of the weight of the column of water above the same. I

The impeller is rotat d to lift the water to the upper end of the standpipe, from whence it is discharged through the umbrella nozzles 30 by means of a crank 33 above the removable lid 16, which crank is interlocked .in any suitable manner, as by a pin, to the hub 34- of a large, internally toothed eal wheel arranged beneath the lid 16. Said gear wheel hub 34 is rotatively mounted on the upper bearing 27 before referred to, and in a bushing 34: locked to the cover by a nut 34*. The internal teeth of said gear wheel 35 mesh with oppositely disposed idler gear wheels 37 that are rotatively mounted on studs 38 which are carried by the cross or spider frame 28. Said gear wheels 37 mesh with a pinion 40 that is fixed to a squared portion of the shaft 2:2 and is received by an open or yoke portion 41 of the uppershaft bearing 27.

The provision of the two idler gear wheels 37 which are driven by the large internally toothed gear and arranged at the opposite sides of the pinion 40, has the e l'ect to balance the driving mechanism. so as to prevent side pressure on the driving shaft 22. Moreover the gearing connection shown has the effect to greatly increase the speed of the impeller rclz'rtively to the speed of rotation of the cranlc: 33 and to thereby effect a rapid and few Ail circulation of the wash water through and airon' the dishes and w b other articles with the expenditure of little power.

The plates and like flat articles to be Washed are adapted to be set into holding clips 4C5 that are supported on the upper internal flange 13., Each of said clips, as herein shown, is made of a single piece of wire that is bent to form a double coil, between the coils of which the edges of the plate are set, and the ends of said wire are bent to form oppositely extending feet 46, as indicated in dotted lines of Fig. 4:, which are adapted, when sprung together, to pass through openings 47 in the upper flange 13, and when released to spring outwardly for holding engagement with the edges of said openings. The said plate holding clips are inclined outwardly toward the wall of the container so as to give the plates an outward inclination in order that their soiled faces may be presented in position to receive the direct impact of the water discharged from above the same through the umbrella nozzles 30. After the holding clips have been filled with plates, saucers and like flat articles, other like articles may be arranged within the space inclosed by the outer row of plates, care being taken that the articles be not nested uponeach other in such manner as to prevent the water-striking upon the soiled faces of the plates or the like by a neighbor ing plate.

Arranged above the flange 13 is a rack for silverware which comprises, in general terms, an inclined or conical base 50, an inner annular wall 51 and radial partitions 52. The inner wall 51 of said rack is connected centrally to the base 50, the base being centrally apertured and flanged to fit the lower end of said latter wall. Said wall is made of a plurality of horizontally curved plates or sections that are hooked at their upper ends to engage over a wire ring 53, and the partitions 52 are made integral with said sections 51 and are formed at their upper and lower ends with hooks 54 to engage over upper and lower supporting rings The partitions divide the rack into a number of separate compartmenm to receive silverware placed endwise therein, the base 50 constituting the support for the silverware.

The base 50 extends downwardly through the central opening of the flange 13 and is provided with an annular wall 58 which is formed with an annularly flanged foot 59 that rests on the upper face of the conical lower flange 12 of the container, whereby the rack is reniovably mounted in place. 7

In connection with the construction described, means are provided for separating the dislodged heavier particles from the wash water by sedimentation and the lighter particles by a skimming operation, so as to prevent thcm from rcpassing through the machine the water "is repeatedly forced through the articles. This may be conveniently effected by providing the wall of the container at the level of the lower side 13.0

of the conical flange 12 with a series of openings 60 so arranged. as to direct heavy or non-floating particles that fall through the openings 4? along-with the wash water to the space 1n the pan exterior to the container The annular wall 58 of the base 50 of the rack for silverware is also provided with a series of openings 62 located near the upper level of the conical portion of the flange 12, but with their upper edges below the normal water level in the device. Therefore, particles which are washed from the dishes and are carried in suspension in the water and are so light as to float therein, are skimmed from the wash water as it passes through the openings 62 back to the space centrally above the partition 12 and through the central opening in said partition. In order to further avoid particles which may find their way through said openings 62 from falling to the central space of the device and again raised through the standpipe with the wash water, I may provide a suitable screen 64 arranged over the central opening of the flange 12 and removably supported thereon in any suitable manner.

It will be noted that the flanges l2 and 13 annular member 58 of the rack base 50 and the said base 50 and the screen 64: constitute wall members that separate the lower or water containing portion of the contains; which may be termed a well, from the upper or washing compartment thereof,

' and that the lower end of the stand pipe and its water circulating device are located within the water containing portion or well of the container. It will, furthermore, be observed that the elements which separate the upper and ]ower compartments serve as a means to separate from the washing water solids which are washed from the dishes, both those which are heavier and those which are lighter than water. The water therefore as it is repeatedly passed through the machine is relieved of said solid particles so as to preserve its potency as a dirt removing medium. As before stated the heavier particles settle out of the water and ass through the openings into the pan 10 while the'floating particles will not pass through the openings 62 of the flange 58 and may thus be said to be skimmed from the water. Such particles as do pass through the opening 62, however, are strained from the water by the screen 64.

66 designates a sleeve that is supported on a flange 67 exterior to and formed integral with the standpipe 18. Said sleeve is formed at its lower end with a flange or enlargement 68 that is provided with a series of openings to receive the downturned ends of inwardly extending arms'of glass-- a-11d-eup-supporting racks 69. The glass and cup racks are herein shown as each formed-of a single piece of wire, with the ends turned downwardly to enter the sockets of the flange (J8 and are formed at their outer ends to provide enlarged heads 70 to receive the cups or glasses. The said racks are arranged with their longitudinal axes tangential to the standpipe 18.

It will be observed that the cover 16, through the medium of the cross frame or spider 28, carries the entire driving gear mechanism, the said mechanism and the depending portion 26, in which are formed the umbrella nozzles 32, being lifted or raised from the container when the lid is removed. Thereafter the sleeve 66 and the glass and cup racks may be readily moved upwardly away from the standpipe. Thereafter the silverware rack and its base may be removed upwardly away from the flanges 12 and 13 over the standpipe, whereupon the screen 64; may be removed. Finally, the standpipe 18 may be removed upwardly through the container, together with the impeller and its shaft. The device is now stripped of its removable parts so that access may be readily had to all parts thereof to cleanse the same. The parts may be replaced in the container in the reverse order in which they have been removed.

In. the operation of the device after the parts are assembled, the plates and other like flat articles are placed in the clips 45 and within the space surrounded thereby, before the cover 16 and the cup and glass racks (39 have been placed. Thereafter the silverware is placed within the silverware rack. T he articles may thus be placed in the device while it is standing on a chair, a table or other convenient support. Thereafter the lid is fitted to the open top of the container and the driving pinion lO is connected to the impeller driving shaft. Thereafter the open lower end of the container is lowered into the receptacle 10 filled with a suitable quantity of water, a. proper charge of soap being provided. Thereafter the impeller is rotated, through the medium of the hand crank 33, a number of turns and at the proper speed. This operation serves to flush the articles with the soapy water and to wash therefrom the larger particles of foreign matter. Thereafter the lid is removed and the cup rack is placed in position and loaded, whereupon the wash water, which is separated by sedimentation and skimming from the coarser particles that have been washed from the dishes and silver, is raised upwardly and thrown downwardly through the cups and glasses and through the other articles therebelow until the same are thoroughly cleansed..- Thereafter, and without removing the articles from the container, the container niay fbe lifted from the receptacle or pan 10 and the soiled Water replaced by hot rinse water and the container replaced therein; or, if

desired, two pans or receptacles may be employed in connection with a single washing device, so that the device may be lifted from one pan containing soiled water and placed with a form of bale or handle 72, generally that the structural like an ordinary bucket bale, attached to the container wall by the lugs 73 whereby the container may be handled in the manner of an ordinary bucket. Preferably also the lid 16 is provided with suitable hand pieces 7% to facilitate its removal from and its application to the device.

\Vhile I have herein shown and described a practical form of washing machine for the purpose set forth, it will be understood details described are capable of some variation within the spirit and scope of the invention, and that the invention is therefore not limited. to the structural details shown except as the same are hereinafter made the subject a of specific claims.

I claim as my invention l. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising an open bottom container; aremovable cover therefor; a central stand pipe within the container provided near the top of the latter with a discharge nozzle; a water-raising device at the bottom of said standpipe for forcing water upwardly therethrough; a shaft extending through the standpipe for operating the water-raising device; a pinion fixed to said shaft; balancing gears at the opposite side of and meshing with said pinion; an internally toothed gear meshing with said balancing gears, and means to rotate said internally toothed gear.

2. A washin machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container; a removable cover therefor; a central standpipe within the container; a water-raising device at the bottom of said standpipe for forcing water upwardly therethrough; a shaft extending through the standpipe; a frame carried by said cover and provided with a depending shaft bearing portion which extends into the upper end of said pipe and is formed with a discharge nozzle, and means for rotating said shaft and water-raising device.

3. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising an open bottom container; a removable cover therefor; a central standpipe within the container provided near the and in which the upper endrof said shaft is I rotatively mounted; a pinion locked to said shaft and removable upwardly over the end thereof; balancing gear wheels rotatively mounted on said frame and meshing" with said pinion; an internally toothed gear wheel meshing with the balancing gear wheels and rotatively mounted on said tubular be aring, and means above the cover and attached to the hub of the internally toothed gearfor rotating the latter.

4-. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container provided near' its bottom with upper and lower internal flanges having central openings, the upper flange being provided with water passa es and the container wall beingprovided e-- tween the flanges with openings through which non-floating particles are discharged from the wash water; means between the water passages of the upper flange and the central opening of the lower flange to remove floating particles from the Wash water, and means to circulate wash water through the machine.

5. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprisin a container provided near its bottom with upper and lower internal a flanges lfaving central openings, the upper flange being provided with water passages and the container wall being provided between the flanges with openings through which non-floating particles are discharged from the Wash water; a silverware rack having a base portion which extends through the opening in the upper flange and which rests upon the lower flange around the central opening thereof, said base portion being .1

provided with openings between said flanges, and means to circulate wash water through the machine.

- 6. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container open at its top; a removable cover therefor upper and lower internal flanges-near the bottom of the cone tainer having central openings; a standpipe extending through said openings and supported on the lower flange by means permitting it to be withdrawn upwardly away from its support, and provided at its top v with a discharge nozzle; a wash waterlifting device at the lower end of the standpipe having an operating shaft which extends through the standpipe; actuating meansfconnected to said shaft, and means at the bottom 5 of the container to separate from the wash water particles suspended therein v a 'J. A washing machine for the purpose set tral opening of the 1 5 forth comprising a container provided near its bottom with upper and lower internal flanges, the lower flange inclining downwardly from its central opening, and the upper flange being provided with a series of openings through which water passes to the space between the flanges, the container wall being provided at. the upper side of said lower flange with a series of openings through which non-floating particles pass from the container, there being an annular wall provided with openings located between the openings in the upper flange and the cenlower flange, and means to raise the water above and spray it upon the dishes and other articles in the cont ainer.

8. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container provided near its bottom with upper and lower centrallyapertured internal flanges, the lower one of which is inclined from its central opening downwardly; a standpipe extending through the central openings of the flanges and provided at its upper end with a discharge nozzle; means at the lower end of the standpipe for lifting water through said standpipe and discharging it through said nozzle; a silverware rack surrounding the standpipe and having an annular base which extends through the opening in the upper flange and is supported on the lower flange, said upper flange being provided exterior to said rack with a plurality of openings, and the container wall provided in the space be tween said flanges with openings, and the annular wall of said rack base being provided near the top of the lower flange with openings, and means for operating the water-raising device.

9. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container provided near its bottom with upper and lower internal flanges formed with central openings, the lower one of which is inclined from its cen' tral opening downwardly; a standpipe extending through the central openings of the flanges and provided at its upper end with a discharge nozzle; means at the lower end of the standpipe for lifting Water through said standpipe and discharging it through said nozzle; a silverware rack surrounding the standpipe and having an annular base which extends. through the opening on the upper flange and is supported on the lower flange, said upper flange being provided exterior to said rack with a plurality of openlugs, and the container wall provided inthe space between said flanges with openings, and the annular wall of said rack being provided near the top of the lower flange with openings; means for operating the waterraising device, and a screen located over the central opening of the lower flange within said annular base of the silverware rack.

10. A-washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container provided near its bottom with upper and lower internal flanges having central openings and the former with water passages, the lower flange inclining downwardly from its opening toward the container wall; a standpipe extending through said openings and supported on the lower flange by means permitting it to be raised freely upwardly therefrom and provided with a bell-mouth base, and provided at its upper end with a discharge nozzle; a water-lifting devicein said base, and an operating shaft therefor extending upwardly through the standpipe, with means for rotating it at high speed.

11. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container provide near its bottom with upper and lower internal flanges having central openings; a standpipe extending through said openings and supported on the lower flange by means pemitting it to be raised freely upwardly therefrom, and provided at its upper end with a series of discharge nozzles; a waterlifting device; an operating shaft therefor extending upwardly through the standpipe, with means for rotating it at high speed, and a silverware rack surrounding the standpipe and provided with a base that extends throu h the central opening of the upper flange and rests upon the lower flange whereby said rack may be raised away from said flanges to remove it from the container.

12. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container divided into a lower Water compartment and an upper washing compartment, spaced Wall members forming an indirect passageway between said compartments for water passing from the upper to the lower compartment and including means for preventing solid and floating particles from passing with the water to the lower compartment, and water raising means in the lower compartment for carrying clean water from said lower compartment into water falling downwardly over the articles in said upper compartment.

13. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container divided into a lower water compartment or well and an upper washing compartment, a stand pipe arranged with its lower end centrally of said well and extending upwardly to the top of the washing compartment and formed with an open base, a water lifting the upper-compartment. the

device rotatively mounted in said base, an

the washing compartment to said open base of the stand pipe, said means preventir' solid particles and fioz'xting particles passing with the Water to said open base.

14. A washing machine for the purpose set forth comprising a container divided into a lower water compartment or well and an up per washing compartment, a stand pipe arranged with its lower end centrally of said well and extending upwardly to the top of "the washing compartment and formed in said well with an open base, a Water lifting device rotatively mounted in said base, an operating shaft therefor extending upwardly through the stand pipe, with means connected to the upper end of the shaft for having a skimming edge to prevent light' floating particles from passing to the Well, there being afiscreen between said skimming edge and the Well.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois, this 12th day of May, 1916.

THADDEUS "W. I'I'EERMANS. Witnesses:

M. J. JONES, M. G. Any. 

